Civilian frequencies that we are allowed to use for 2 way communications are split between 2 rules regulated by the FCC. Part 95 is the first rule, which is usually limited manufacturing and wattage allowance. It is basically everything but Ham Radios. The second rule is Part 97 which is only Ham or Amatuer Radio.
Here is a brief summary of Part 95:
FRS: 14 UHF frequencies, no license or call sign required. These are the motorola radios we can buy at Walmart etc with a power limit of 1/2 watt.
http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/fami...io-service-frs
GMRS: 23 UHF frequencies, which include the first 7 FRS frequencies. A license is required and a call sign must be used when transmitting, even when on the FRS frequencies because the power limit is 5watts. The license fee is $85 and it is good for 5 years. No test required.
http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/gene...o-service-gmrs
MURS: 5 VHF frequencies. No license or callsign required. The power limit is 2 watts.
http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/mult...service-murs-0
CB: 40 HF frequencies. No license or callsign required.*The power limit is 4 watts at the device and 12 watts PEP.
http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/citi...and-cb-service
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Here is a brief summary of *Part 97:
Amateur Radio (Ham): Several HF, VHF &UHF frequencies. License is required and callsign is required when transmitting. The power limit is based on the frequency which is typically 100 watts to 1.5 kilowatts.
http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Hambands_color.pdf
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Here is a shortcut to the FCC rules for part 95:
http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text....1.1.5&idno=47
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Here is a shortcut to the FCC rules for the Part 97:
http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text....1.1.6&idno=47
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